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1.
Rev. Eugenio Espejo ; 15(3): 69-80, 20210830.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1337962

ABSTRACT

La investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar la direccionalidad de la violencia intrafamiliar en relación con el tipo de agresión, droga de inicio de consumo, nivel educativo, sexo, experiencias perturbadoras, grupo de edad y estado civil, en pacientes drogodependientes atendidos en la Unidad de Conductas Adictivas (UCA) del Instituto de Neurociencias de Guayaquil (INC), durante el periodo comprendido entre 2010 y 2016. Se realizó un estudio no experimental-correlacional mediante el análisis de las historias clínicas de 1015 (845 hombres y 170 mujeres) pacientes con perfil de violencia intrafamiliar consumidores de drogas y sustancias psicoactivas. Entre la población estudiada predominó el consumo de alcohol como droga de inicio (95%), el nivel escolar secundario (94%), el estado civil soltero(a) o divorciado(a), el grupo de edades comprendido entre 21 y 30 años (35%) y la experiencia perturbadora del divorcio. Los resulta-dos de la técnica del árbol CHAID reflejaron una conexión estadísticamente significativa con el tipo de droga de inicio y el nivel educativo en los participantes.


The objective of the research was to determine the directionality of intrafamily violence in relation to the type of aggression, drug of initiation of consumption, educational level, sex, disturbing experiences, age group and marital status. The research was conducted in a group of drug-dependent patients treated in the Addictive Behaviors Unit of the Guayaquil Institute of Neurosciences, during the period between 2010 and 2016. A non-experimental-correlational study was carried out by analyzing the medical records of 1015 (845 men and 170 women) patients with a profile of intrafamily violence who used drugs and psychoactive substances. Among the population studied, the consumption of alcohol as a starting drug prevailed (95%), the secondary school level (94%), the marital status of single or divorced, the age group between 21 and 30 years (35%) and the disturbing experience of divorce. The results of the CHAID tree technique reflected a statistically significant connection with the type of starting drug and educational level in the participants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Family , Aggression , Drug Users , Violence , Behavior , Environment
2.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 49(1): 23-28, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1115638

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La familia es vista a través de los arios y en la evolución histórica del hombre como la unidad esencial en que se conforman y estructuran las sociedades. Se la considera la célula original de la vida en sociedad y cuna de la educación que favorece el aprendizaje y el desarrollo potencial de sus miembros. La violencia intrafamiliar abarca ofensas de palabra, daño físico o psíquico, intimidación, abuso sexual o control económico. En el presente trabajo se estudió el comportamiento que la violencia intrafamiliar tiene en la población bolivarense, atendiendo a las relaciones de pareja y la repercusión que implica para sus integrantes respecto a la formación y la actuación de los menores a su cuidado. Métodos: Se aplican encuestas en los cantones de San Miguel, San José de Chimbo y Guaranda. Resultados: Se reveló que en las familias ocurren disputas ocasionadas preferentemente por situaciones económicas (19%) y por celos (24%), que los menores presencian; la manifestación de gritos es la forma predominante en estas. Respecto a los menores, es el miedo (29%) el sentimiento sobresaliente para quienes han presenciado peleas familiares. Conclusiones: Los gritos son la forma predominante de discusiones entre las parejas, y las causas más frecuentes de las disputas familiares son el factor económico, los celos y el consumo de alcohol. En los menores que presencian estas formas de comportamiento predomina un sentimiento de temor o miedo.


ABSTRACT Background: The family has been seen over the years and in the historical evolution of humans as the essential unit of which societies are formed and structured. It is considered the original cell of life in society and the cradle of education that favours the learning and potential development of its members. Domestic violence encompasses verbal abuse, physical or emotional abuse, intimidation, sexual abuse or financial control. We studied domestic violence in the Bolivarian population, looking at couple relationships and the repercussions on the family members in terms of the education and performance of the children in their care. Methods: Surveys were applied in the cantons of San Miguel, San José de Chimbo and Guaranda. Results: It was found that disputes in families are caused mainly by financial situations (19%) and jealousy (24%), and that they are witnessed by the children, with shouting being the predominant form. From the point of view of the children, fear (29%) is the outstanding feeling for those who have witnessed family fights. Conclusions: Shouting is the predominant form of arguments between couples, with finances, jealousy and alcohol consumption being the most common causes of family disputes. In children who witness these forms of behaviour, a feeling of fear or dread predominates.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Domestic Violence , Sex Offenses , Violence , Alcohol Drinking , Family Characteristics , Dissent and Disputes , Ecuador , Fear , Bullying , Physical Abuse
3.
Actual. nutr ; 21(1): 25-32, Enero-Marzo de 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1282196

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el ayuno intermitente es un modelo nutricional en el cual se establecen ciclos regulares de ayuno y alimentación. Objetivos: explicar en qué consiste el ayuno intermitente e identificar la evidencia científica actual sobre su beneficio en la diabetes, obesidad y cáncer. Materiales y métodos: revisión bibliográfica sistemática de los artículos recuperados de la literatura científica sobre el ayuno intermitente. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las siguien- tes bases de datos: Scielo, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud en España (BSV), Dialnet, National Center for Biotechnology In- formation (NCBI) y Science Direct. Los criterios de inclusión em- pleados fueron aquellos artículos a texto completo disponibles gratuitamente que se publicaron en los últimos 10 años, aplican- do restricciones de lenguaje al español e inglés. Los criterios de exclusión se aplicaron a artículos de páginas web o revistas de divulgación, no académicas. La búsqueda y selección de artículos se realizó durante el mes de octubre de 2019. Resultados: luego de la búsqueda se seleccionaron 24 artículos. Conclusiones: el ayuno intermitente muestra un efecto bene - ficioso en relación con la diabetes y la obesidad, aunque se ne- cesitan más estudios científicos que lo avalen. En la actualidad, no existe consenso en la comunidad científica en relación con el cáncer.


Subject(s)
Fasting , Diabetes Mellitus , Metabolism , Neoplasms , Obesity
4.
Prensa méd. argent ; 104(4): 190-195, Jun2018. fig
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1051980

ABSTRACT

Pepper's syndrome refers to a neuroblastoma originated in the adrenal glands that usually metastasizes to the liver with abdominal development and respiratory involvement because of thoracic compression. The metastasic tumors are usually infrequent with an unfavorable prognosis. The cases reported in the world literature are very few. The congenital form of neuroblastoma is uncommon. The aim of this report was to describe a typical clinical case of a new born who died because of a metastasic malignant tumor, comptible with a Pepper's syndrome


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Autopsy , Hydrops Fetalis/diagnosis , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stillbirth , Hepatomegaly/diagnosis , Neoplasm Metastasis/diagnosis , Neuroblastoma/congenital
5.
GEN ; 70(1): 28-40, ene. 2016. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-789595

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: En los últimos años ha existido el interés en saber cómo las enfermedades inflamatorias del intestino (EII), influyen en la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen. El objetivo de la presente revisión teórica, trata de subrayar la importancia de indagar cuáles factores psicosociales podrían estar asociados a la calidad de vida que reportan estas personas. Método: Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de publicaciones en varias bases de datos online consultadas. Se seleccionaron 71 artículos, que cumplieron un conjunto de criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Existe evidencia acerca de la influencia de los factores psicosociales en diversos ámbitos de las EII, primordialmente en la afectación de la calidad de vida de quienes las padecen, al ser enfermedades que alteran no sólo la funcionalidad de la persona sino también su bienestar psicológico. Conclusiones: Al plantear terapias para mejorar la calidad de vida de quienes padecen estar enfermedades, es necesario reconocer la característica multifactorial de las mismas, para de esa forma contribuir a anticipar su aparición, mejorar el diagnóstico y su tratamiento.


Introduction and Objective: In the last years there has been interest in how inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), influence the quality of life of those who suffer these diseases. The aim of this theoretical review is to emphasize the importance of investigating what psychosocial factors might be associated with quality of life of the people. Method: To carry out this research, a literature review of publications in multiple online databases was consulted. 71 articles that met a set of inclusion criteria were selected. Results: There is evidence about the influence of psychosocial factors in various areas of IBD, mainly in regards to the fact that the quality of life of those who suffer is affected, being diseases that affect not only the functionality of the individual but also their psychological well-being. Conclusion: By raising therapies to improve the quality of life of those suffering these diseases, we must recognize the multifactorial feature thereof, to thereby contribute to anticipate their appearance, improve diagnosis and treatment.

6.
GEN ; 69(4): 106-114, dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-785943

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el poco éxito obtenido con la aplicación de los tratamientos médicos en los sujetos con obesidad mórbida, es un factor que predispone al clínico a buscar otras medidas terapéuticas, surgiendo así el balón intragástrico BioEnteric (BIB). No obstante, para que esta técnica sea efectiva, el individuo debe realizar un esfuerzo constante y progresivo para controlar su ingesta alimenticia. Este esfuerzo requiere una participación activa tanto de la persona como de su contexto social en la modificación de su conducta.Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el apoyo social percibido y la adhesión terapéutica en pacientes que se les ha colocado el BIB. Material y método: participaron 75 obesos (56 mujeres y 19 hombres), entre los 18 y 65 años (M= 39.29; DT= 11.82), que asistieron a cinco centros de la ciudad de Caracas, donde se lleva a cabo este procedimiento. Se utilizaron la Escala de Apoyo Social y un cuestionario ad hoc de comportamientos de adhesión terapéutica dirigido a personas que se les ha colocado el BIB. Inicialmente se contactó a los centros clínicos y se seleccionó la muestra. Posteriormente, se aplicaron los inventarios antes y en cada mes posterior a la introducción del balón por un espacio de tres meses. Resultados: los participantes se caracterizaron por presentar niveles moderados en las distintas variables. Por otro lado, quienes percibieron apoyo de amigos y/o cercanos, son aquellos que reportan adhesión terapéutica. Conclusiones: se sugiere promover las redes de apoyo social dado que podrían ser indispensables para lograr y mantener la adhesión.


Introduction: The lack of success obtained applying medical treatments in obese people is a critical element that triggers the process of finding other therapeutic procedures, arising then the BioEnteric Intragastric Baloon (BIB). However, this procedure requires an constant effort by the individual measuring and controlling the food intake in order to obtain effective and positive results. This aforementioned effort also requires an active interest not only of the individual but also of his social environment to modify the behavior. Aim: determine the relationship between perceived social support and adherence to therapy in patients who have been placed BIB. Methods: 75 obese (56 women and 19 men) between 18 and 65 years (M= 39.29, SD= 11.82), who attended five centers in the city of Caracas, where he carried out this procedure. Was used Social Support Scale and treatment adherence behavior respectively. The procedure was contacted the centers and the sample was selected. Subsequently, the inventories were applied before and the month after the before and three months after the balloon set. Results: Show that participants were characterized by moderate levels in the variables. On the other hand, those who perceive that they perceived support from friends are those who report adherence to therapy. Conclusions: From the results it is suggested promote social support networks, which could be essential to achieve and maintain adherence to therapy in patients with BioEnterics intragastric balloon.

7.
GEN ; 69(3): 55-63, sep. 2015. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-781596

ABSTRACT

Introducción  y objetivos:  En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés de estudiar qué aspectos son los que preocupan más a las personas con Síndrome de Intestino Irritable (SII) y facilitan la percepción de deterioro de la calidad de vida. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en analizar los ámbitos afectados  en la vida de pacientes  con SII que asisten a terapia, mediante la información subjetiva que ellos reportan. Material y  métodos:  Se realizaron dos sesiones en dos grupos focales de personas con SII que estaban siendo atendidas en consulta privada. A partir de un guion establecido se valoraron un total de 6 áreas abordadas en dos grupos con diferente tiempo de diagnóstico. Resultados: De las categorías que previamente se diseñaron en las cuales los participantes hicieron más referencia fueron: pérdida del control de su vida, miedo al rechazo, pérdida de roles sociales, alteración de las relaciones sociales y presencia de ansiedad. Conclusión: Necesidad de implementar estrategias que favorezcan la reducción del deterioro de la calidad de vida de personas que padezcan SII.


Introduction and  Objective: In the last years the interest about the study regard to what kind of elements are the most important to people suffering from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and facilitate the perception of decreasing their quality of life. The goal of this study is oriented to analyze the factors that have been affected in patients' life suffering from IBS and attend to therapy, using the subjective information they are able to report. Material and  Methods: Two  sessions in two focus groups of people suffering from IBS, who were being treated in private practice, were conducted. Based on a script this study took into account a total of 6 areas addressed in two groups  with different time diagnostic  value. Results: Regarding the categories previously designed in which the people involved made further reference were: loss of control of their life, fear of rejection, loss of social roles, disturbance of social relationships and the presence of anxiety. Conclusion: There is a need to implement strategies in order to improve the life of people suffering from IBS, minimizing the worsening of their quality of life and giving them the possibility of a more comfortable and happy way to live their life.

8.
GEN ; 69(2): 28-38, jul. 2015. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780149

ABSTRACT

El objetivo fue determinar la capacidad predictiva de la autoeficacia percibida para el control del peso, el locus de control del peso y las habilidades de autocontrol del peso en la insatisfacción de la imagen corporal en personas obesas que asisten a tratamiento. Estudio transversal realizado en la ciudad de Maracay, Venezuela, con 243 personas obesas que asisten a tratamiento, 173 del género femenino y 70 del masculino, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 57 años. El índice de masa corporal de la muestra osciló entre 29.39 y 44.14. Se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), el inventario de autorregulación del peso corporal, el inventario de autoeficacia en la regulación del peso corporal y el inventario de locus de control del peso. Calculándose los estadísticos descriptivos y de tendencia central, coeficientes de correlación y regresión múltiple; se obtuvo que una baja “Autoeficacia percibida en el control del peso” y un alto “Locus de control externo”, predicen la in satisfacción con la imagen corporal en personas obesas que asisten a tratamiento. Los hallazgos constituyen una primera aproximación para dar cuenta de la importancia de las variables de control personal en el estudio del malestar psicológico del individuo obeso.


Objective: Determine the predictive ability of self-efficacy for weight control, locus of control of weight and weight self-management skills in body image dissatisfaction in treatment attending. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study in Maracay, Venezuela. The study population consisted of 243 obese patients; 173 females and 70 males, aged between 18 and 57 years. The body mass index of the sample ranged between 29.39 and 44.14. Measurement instruments used were: The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), The Inventory of self-regulating body weight, The Inventory of Self-efficacy in regulating body weight and Inventory of weight locus of control. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and central tendency, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: A low "perceived self-efficacy in weight control" and a high "external locus of control, predict body image dissatisfaction in obese people attending treatment. Conclusions: The results are the first attempt to understand the role of the personal control variables in the study of psychological distress in obesity.

9.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 68(2): 219-227, Mar-Apr/2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-752507

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: estudio cualitativo que siguió los principios de la teoría fundamentada con el fin de analizar la identidad profesional de docentes de enfermería por medio del análisis de incidentes críticos que más las desestabilizaban. Método: entrevistas semi-estructuradas fueron realizadas a siete enfermeras que actúan como docentes e investigadoras en una universidad privada de Barcelona. Resultados: el material empírico resultante fue organizado en dos categorías: caracterización de los incidentes críticos y reacción de las enfermeras frente a ellos. Conclusión: se concluye que la identidad profesional de estas enfermeras en el campo académico está aún en construcción y que la inexperiencia es el mayor obstáculo que enfrentan para gestionar los incidentes críticos en el trabajo docente. .


RESUMO Objetivo: estudo qualitativo que seguiu os princípios da teoria fundamentada em dados com o objetivo de analisar a identidade profissional de docentes de enfermagem por meio da análise de incidentes críticos que mais as desestabilizaram. Método: entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com sete enfermeiras que atuam como docentes e pesquisadoras em uma universidade privada de Barcelona. Resultados: o material empírico resultante foi organizado em duas categorias: caracterização dos incidentes críticos e reação das enfermeiras frente a eles. Conclusão: concluiu-se que identidade profissional dessas enfermeiras no campo acadêmico está ainda em construção e a que inexperiência é o maior obstáculo que enfrentam para gerenciar incidentes críticos no trabalho docente. .


ABSTRACT Objective: a qualitative study that followed the principles of the grounded theory in order to analyze the professional identity of nursing academics through the analysis of the most disturbing critical incidents. Method: semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven nurses who worked as professors and researchers in a private university in Barcelona. Results: the resulting empirical material was organized into two categories: characterization of critical incidents and responsiveness to the incident. Conclusion: the professional identity of nurses regarding the academic area is still under construction and inexperience is the major obstacle in the management of critical incidents in the teaching career. .


Subject(s)
Humans , DNA , Receptors, Glucocorticoid/chemistry , Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/chemistry , Amino Acid Sequence , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Gene Expression , Molecular Sequence Data , Mutation , Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/pathology , Protein Structure, Secondary , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Pseudohypoaldosteronism/genetics , Pseudohypoaldosteronism/metabolism , Pseudohypoaldosteronism/pathology , Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics , Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism , Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/genetics , Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism , Recombinant Proteins/chemistry , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Sequence Alignment , Structural Homology, Protein
10.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 23(2): 241-249, Apr-Jun/2014. graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: lil-713099

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to analyze how nurses represent their role as nursing academics and their conceptions, strategies and feelings involved in teaching-learning and research in nursing. A qualitative study was conducted. To achieve this goal, a semi-structured interview was carried out with seven nurses who worked as teachers and researchers at a university in Barcelona, Spain. The data were analyzed through categories validated in a previous study with the support of The Atlas Ti program. The results evidenced that nurses are less equipped to develop the researcher role, and that the profession is not justified without a close relationship between nursing theory and practice. The nursing academics look for a balance between teaching and research and they also wish to promote the development of models and theories in their own discipline.


O estudo teve como objetivo analisar como as enfermeiras representam seu papel como acadêmicas de enfermagem, suas concepções, suas estratégias e seus sentimentos envolvidos nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem e pesquisa na enfermagem. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi através da entrevista semiestruturada aplicada a sete enfermeiras que trabalham como docentes e pesquisadoras em uma universidade de Barcelona, Espanha. Os dados foram analisados através de categorias validadas em um estudo anterior com o apoio do programa de ATLAS ti. Os resultados evidenciarem que as enfermeiras sentem-se menos preparadas para desenvolver o papel de investigadoras e que a profissão não se justifica sem uma estreita relação entre a teoria e a prática de enfermagem. As acadêmicas de enfermagem buscam equilíbrio entre a docência e a pesquisa e sentem-se desafiadas a desenvolver teorias e modelos em sua disciplina.


El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar cómo las enfermeras representan su rol como académicos de enfermería, sus concepciones, sus estrategias y los sentimientos involucrados en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje e investigación en la enfermería. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, y la recolección de datos fue a través de una entrevista semi-estructurada a siete enfermeras que trabajan como docentes e investigadoras en una universidad de Barcelona, España. Los datos se analizaron a través de categorías validadas en un estudio anterior con el apoyo del programa Atlas Ti. Los resultados evidenciaron que las enfermeras se sienten menos preparadas para desarrollar el rol de investigador, y que la profesión no se justifica sin una estrecha relación entre la teoría y la práctica de la enfermería. Los académicos de enfermería buscan un equilibrio entre la docencia y la investigación y se sienten desafiadas a desarrollar teorías y modelos en su propia disciplina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Research , Nurse's Role , Education, Nursing
11.
GEN ; 66(4): 250-259, dic. 2012. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-676452

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre las habilidades de autorregulación, autoeficacia percibida, locus de control y la adhesión terapéutica en pacientes que se les ha colocado el balón intragástrico BioEnterics. Pacientes: Se incluyeron 75 obesos (56 mujeres y 19 hombres), entre los 18 y 65 años (M= 39,29; DT= 11,82), que asistieron a cinco centros de Caracas. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron los Inventarios de: autoeficacia percibida para el control del peso, auto-regulación y locus de control del peso corporal, y dos cuestionarios ad hoc, autoeficacia percibida para la adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico y de comportamientos de adhesión terapéutica. Inicialmente se contactó a los centros y se seleccionó la muestra. Posteriormente, se aplicaron los inventarios antes y al tercer mes posterior a la colocación del balón. Resultados: Las variables arrojaron niveles moderados. Quienes se sienten capaces de controlar su ingesta alimentaria y su actividad física y a la vez perciben que tienen las estrategias para lograrlo, son aquellos que reportan adhesión terapéutica. Conclusiones: A partir de estos resultados se sugiere entrenar habilidades de autorregulación y estimular las creencias de autoeficacia. Asimismo, se hace necesario estudiar la variable locus de control para aclarar su papel en la adhesión terapéutica.


Objective: Determine the relationship between the skills of self-regulation, self-efficacy, locus of control and adherence to therapy in patients who had been placed on bioEnterics intragastric balloon treatment. Patients: 75 obese (56 women and 19 men) between 18 and 65 years old (M = 39,29; SD = 11,82), who had been attended at five centers in Caracas city. Materials y methods: self-regulating body weight, perceived self-efficacy for weight control, Locus of control of weight and two ad hoc questionnaires, perceived self-efficacy for adherence to drug therapy and treatment adherence behavior respectively. The procedure was contacted the centers and the sample was selected. Subsequently, the inventories were applied before and three months after the balloon set. Results: Show that participants were characterized by moderate levels in the variables. On the other hand, those who feel able to control their food intake and physical activity at the same time perceive that they have the strategies to achieve it, are those who report adherence to therapy. The locus of perceived control seems to have no relationship. Conclusions: From the results it is suggested to train skills and boost self-efficacy beliefs. Also, it is necessary to study the locus of control variable to clarify its role in adherence to therapy in patients with BioEnterics intragastric balloon.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Bariatric Surgery , Gastric Balloon , Obesity/surgery , Obesity/complications , Gastroenterology
12.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 30(3): 398-405, Sept.-Dec. 2012.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-665221

ABSTRACT

Objective. To represent how a new identity is being constructed by nurses initiating their activities as teachers. Methodology. In 2010, a descriptive-interpretative qualitative research was conducted of four cases of nurse teachers from Nursing Schools. Aspects of teacher identity and management of critical incidents in the classroom were reviewed. The information was obtained through a structured survey and the data underwent analysis of contents. Results. The nurses surveyed state that the teaching exercise is a culmination stage of clinical nursing. Teaching confers them stability in their professional life; however, they report that the complexity of the educational practice poses a big challenge. They feel responsible for the formation of future nursing professionals. In spite of defining themselves as constructivists in the way of teaching, they are governed by a technical conception on the way of approaching the educational practice. They attribute the critical incidents to which they are exposed to the types of students entering the universities; these turn out uncomfortable and do not feel responsible for their development. These incidents are lessons to better face similar situations in the future. Conclusion. The nurses participating in this study are facing their new role as teachers of human resource, seeking to construct a new identity different from what they had when working in direct care of individuals.


Objetivo. Representar cómo se construye una nueva identidad la enfermera que inicia su actividad como formadora. Metodología. En 2010 se realizó una investigación cualitativa de corte descriptivo-interpretativo de cuatro casos de enfermeras profesoras de Escuelas de Enfermería. Se revisaron aspectos de la identidad docente y del manejo de incidentes críticos en el aula. La información fue obtenida mediante entrevista estructurada y a los datos se les hizo análisis de contenido. Resultados. Las enfermeras entrevistadas afirman que el ejercicio docente es una etapa de culminación de la enfermería clínica. La labor de la docencia les confiere estabilidad en su vida profesional, sin embargo aseguran que la complejidad de la práctica educativa les plantea un gran desafío puesto que se sienten responsables de la formación de los futuros enfermeros. A pesar de definirse como constructivistas en la manera de enseñar, se rigen por una concepción técnica en la forma de abordar la práctica educativa. Los incidentes críticos a los que se exponen los atribuyen al tipo de estudiante que ingresa, les resultan incómodos y no se sienten responsables del desarrollo de los mismos. Estos incidentes son un aprendizaje que les permitirá enfrentarse mucho mejor a situaciones similares en el futuro. Conclusión. Las enfermeras participantes en este estudio enfrentan un nuevo rol como formadoras de recurso humano, para lo cual intentan construir una identidad nueva diferente a la que tenían cuando trabajaban en el cuidado directo de las personas.


Objetivo. Representar como está construindo uma nova identidade a enfermeira que inicia sua atividade como formadora. Metodologia. Em 2010 se realizou uma investigação qualitativa de corte descritivo-interpretativo de quatro casos de enfermeiras professoras de Escolas de Enfermaria. Revisaram-se aspectos da identidade docente e do manejo de incidentes críticos no sala de aula. A informação foi obtida mediante entrevista estruturada e aos dados se lhes fez análises de conteúdo. Resultados. As enfermeiras entrevistadas afirmam que o exercício docente é uma etapa de culminação da enfermaria clínica. O labor da docência lhes confere estabilidade em sua vida profissional, no entanto asseguram que a complexidade da prática educativa lhes propõe um grande desafio. Sentem-se responsáveis da formação dos futuros enfermeiros. Apesar de definir-se como construtivistas na maneira de ensinar, regem-se por uma concepção técnica na forma de abordar a prática educativa. Os incidentes críticos aos que se veem expostas os atribuem ao tipo de estudante que ingressa nas universidades, resultam-lhes incômodos e não se sentem responsáveis do desenvolvimento dos mesmos. Estes incidentes são uma aprendizagem para enfrentar-se melhor a situações similares no futuro. Conclusão. As enfermeiras participantes neste estudo estão enfrentando seu novo papel como formadoras de recurso humano, tentando construir uma identidade nova diferente à que tinham quando trabalhavam em cuidado direto às pessoas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Faculty, Nursing , Education, Nursing , Nurse's Role
13.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Caracas) ; 35(1): 21-28, ene.-jun. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-682993

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue describir las habilidades de autocontrol, la autoeficacia percibida y el locus de control en pacientes obesos que se desean someter a una Manga Gástrica Laparoscópica. Participaron 40 obesos (22 mujeres y 18 hombres), con edades entre los 19 y 65 años (M= 41.72; DT= 12.09) que asistieron a una clínica privada en Caracas. Se aplicaron los inventarios durante el proceso preoperatorio al procedimiento. Los resultados sugieren que la muestra presenta mayor facilidad en la autorregulación y autoeficacia para llevar a cabo la ingesta alimentaria que la actividad física. Las creencias respecto al locus de control se caracterizaron por ser moderadas, obteniéndose un balance entre estas creencias de control. A partir de los resultados, se sugiere entrenar en habilidades de auto-regulación, así como trabajar en el cambio de creencias relacionadas con el peso, tanto las de eficacia personal como las creencias de control, todo lo cual facilitaría la posterior adhesión a las prescripciones del procedimiento


The goal of the study was to describe the self-control, self-efficacy and locus of control skills in obese patients who undergo to Laparoscopic Gastric Sleeve. Participants were 40 obeses (22 women and 18 men) between 19 and 65 years old (M = 41.72, SD = 12.09), who had been attended at private clinic in Caracas city. It were applied tests in the preoperative process to the procedure. The results suggest that the sample had more facility in self-regulation and self-efficacy to carry out food intake than physical activity. Beliefs about locus of control were characterized to be moderate, obtaining a balance between these control beliefs. From the results, we suggest to train in self-regulation skills, as working on change weight-related beliefs, both personal efficacy and control. All of them would facilitate the subsequent adhesion to the procedure requirements


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Homeostasis , Laparoscopy/methods , Medication Adherence , Obesity/surgery , Gastric Fistula/surgery , Gastric Fistula/therapy
14.
Biol. Res ; 36(2): 185-192, July 2003. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-351360

ABSTRACT

Dunaliella salina and D. bardawil are well-known microalgae accumulating high levels of beta-carotene under growth-limiting conditions. In both taxa, this pigment is primarily composed of the isomers 9-cis and all-trans. The 9-cis beta-carotene occurs only in natural sources and is the most attractive from a commercial point of view. The conditions that enhance the preferred accumulation of 9-cis beta-carotene in D. salina are controversial and they have not been well established yet. This study examined the effect of salinity on the quantity and quality of total carotenoids and beta-carotene isomers accumulated by D. salina (strain CONC-007) and D. bardawil (strain ATCC 30861) grown in two media with different nutritional compositions (PES and ART) and at salt concentrations of 1M, 2M and 3M NaCl. Total carotenoids were determined by spectrophotometry and beta-carotene isomers, by HPLC. The highest carotenoid contents per cell were obtained at 2M NaCl in both taxa. In both media, an increase of the 9-cis/all-trans beta-carotene ratio was observed in D. bardawil when the salt concentration increased, with a maximum value of 2.6 (in ART medium at 3M NaCl). In D. salina this ratio did not exhibit the same pattern, and the salt concentrations for maximal ratios were different in both media. The highest ratio obtained for this strain was 4.3 (in ART medium at 2M NaCl)


Subject(s)
Carotenoids , Chlorophyta , Salts , Carotenoids , Chile , Chlorophyta , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Salts
15.
Biol. Res ; 36(3/4): 343-357, 2003. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-356882

ABSTRACT

The microalga Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow is one of the natural sources of astaxanthin, a pigment widely used in salmon feed. This study was made to discover optimal conditions for biomass and astaxanthin production in H. pluvialis from Steptoe, Nevada (USA), cultured in batch mode. Growth was carried out under autotrophic (with NaNO3, NH4Cl and urea) and mixotrophic conditions (with 4, 8, 12 mM sodium acetate) under two photon flux densities (PFD) (35 and 85 mumol m-2 s-1). The carotenogenesis was induced by 1) addition of NaCl (0.2 and 0.8 per cent), 2) N-deprivation and 3) high PFD (150 mumol m-2 s-1). Total carotenoids were estimated by spectrophotometry and total astaxanthin by HPLC. Ammonium chloride was the best N-source for growth (k = 0.7 div day-1, 228-258 mg l-1 and 2.0 x 10(5)-2.5 x 10(5) cells ml-1 at both PFD, respectively). With increasing acetate concentration, a slight increment in growth occurred only at 85 mumol m-2 s-1. Light was the best inductive carotenogenic factor, and the highest carotenoid production (4.9 mg l-1, 25.0 pg cell-1) was obtained in cultures pre-grown in nitrate at low light. The NaCl caused an increase in carotenoid content per cell at increasing salt concentrations, but resulted in a high cell mortality and did not produce any increment in carotenoid content per volume compared to cultures grown at 150 mumol m-2 s-1. The highest carotenoid content per cell (22 pg) and astaxanthin content per dry weight (10.3 mg g-1) (1 per cent w/w) were obtained at 85 mumol m-2 s-1 with 0.8 per cent NaCl.


Subject(s)
Carotenoids , Chlorophyta , Biomass , Biotechnology , Chlorophyta , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Phototropism , Spectrophotometry
16.
Biol. Res ; 34(1): 23-30, 2001. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-288330

ABSTRACT

Eight Chilean strains of Dunaliella salina obtained within a restricted geographic range, but exhibiting a high variability in their morphology, rate of growth and carotenogenic capacity, were analyzed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) Twenty of the 50 random primers (D, P, OPA and OPD series) that were tested amplified reproducible bands and were useful for comparative analysis of the strains. Of 107 polymorphic genetic markers, 49 were strain-specific. A great genetic variability was found among the strains in spite of their geographic proximity. In addition, phenetic analysis of the data showed close agreement between the morphophysiological attributes and the genetic diversity of the strains.


Subject(s)
beta Carotene , Chlorophyta/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Base Sequence , Chile , Cluster Analysis , DNA Primers , Genetic Variation , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique/methods
17.
An. otorinolaringol. Urug ; 61: 4-22, 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-218856

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una reseña histórica de las distintas técnicas utilizadas. Se realiza un enfoque anátomo-quirúrgico del piso de boca y lengua, y se resaltan las principales características de los tumores a ese nivel. Se muestran 5 casos clínicos de tumores de piso de boca: resección y reconstrucción con colgajos nasogenianos y miocutáneos de pectoral mayor. Se expone la clasificación de los vaciamientos ganglionares de cuello y técnica quirúrgica correspondientes. Se presentan 6 casos clínicos de lesiones de lengua: resección y reconstrucción, utilizando colgajos locales y colgajos miocutáneos de trapecio lateral y pectoral mayor. Se destaca la importancia de los colgajos miocutáneos, en especial el colgajo miocutáneo de pectoral mayor, en la reconstrucción de esta cirugía


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Lymph Node Excision , Mouth Floor/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Tongue Neoplasms/surgery , Mouth Neoplasms/classification
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